Kaŵirikaŵiri pamalo ochitira mwambowo, ngati ogwira ntchito pamalowo sakuigwira bwino, maikolofoniyo imamveka mwaukali pamene ili pafupi ndi wokamba nkhani.Phokoso laukali limeneli limatchedwa "kulira", kapena "kupindula kwa ndemanga".Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha chizindikiro cholowetsa maikolofoni chochulukirapo, chomwe chimasokoneza mawu otulutsa ndikupangitsa kulira.

Acoustic feedback ndi chinthu chachilendo chomwe chimachitika nthawi zambiri pamakina olimbikitsa mawu (PA).Ndi vuto lapadera lamayimbidwe amagetsi olimbikitsira mawu.Zinganenedwe kukhala zovulaza kutulutsa mawu.Anthu omwe amamvetsera mwaukadaulo, makamaka omwe amagwira ntchito yolimbikitsira mawu pamalopo, amadana ndi kulira kwa olankhula, chifukwa vuto lomwe limabwera chifukwa chakulira silimatha.Ambiri mwa akatswiri omvera omvera atsala pang'ono kusokoneza ubongo wawo kuti athetse.Komabe, sikuthekabe kuthetseratu kulirako.Kulira kwa ma acoustic ndi vuto lomwe limayamba chifukwa cha mphamvu ya mawu yomwe imatumizidwa kumakrofoni kudzera pamawu.M'malo ovuta kumene kulibe kulira, phokoso lolira lidzawoneka.Panthawi imeneyi, zimaganiziridwa kuti pali chodabwitsa.Pambuyo pakuchepetsa kwa 6dB, zimatanthauzidwa kuti palibe chodabwitsa chomwe chimachitika.

Pamene maikolofoni imagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula phokoso mu makina olimbikitsa mawu, Chifukwa ndizosatheka kutenga njira zodzipatula zomveka pakati pa malo ojambulira maikolofoni ndi malo osewerera a wokamba nkhani.Phokoso lochokera kwa wokamba nkhani limatha kudutsa m'malo kupita ku maikolofoni ndikupangitsa kulira.Nthawi zambiri, makina olimbikitsira mawu okha ndi omwe ali ndi vuto la kulira, ndipo palibe chifukwa cholira muzojambula ndi kubwezeretsanso.Mwachitsanzo, pali oyankhula okhawo omwe amawunikidwa pamakina ojambulira, malo ogwiritsira ntchito maikolofoni mu studio yojambulira ndi malo osewerera a oyankhula owonetsetsa ali olekanitsidwa, ndipo palibe chikhalidwe choyankha momveka.Mufilimu yotulutsa mawu, ma maikolofoni sagwiritsidwa ntchito, ngakhale Mukamagwiritsa ntchito maikolofoni, amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pojambula mawu pafupi m'chipinda chowonetsera.Woyankhulirayo ali kutali ndi maikolofoni, kotero palibe kuthekera kolira.

Zifukwa zomwe zingayambitse kulira:

1. Gwiritsani ntchito maikolofoni ndi zokamba nthawi imodzi;

2. Phokoso lochokera kwa wokamba nkhani limatha kutumizidwa ku maikolofoni kudzera mumlengalenga;

3. Mphamvu yamawu yotulutsidwa ndi wokamba nkhani ndi yayikulu mokwanira, ndipo kutengeka kwa maikolofoni ndikokwanira.

Kulira kukachitika, kuchuluka kwa maikolofoni sikungasinthidwe kwambiri.Kulira kudzakhala koopsa kwambiri ikadzatsegulidwa, zomwe zidzabweretse zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri pakuchitapo kanthu, kapena phokoso la phokoso limachitika maikolofoni ikatsegulidwa mokweza (ndiko kuti, maikolofoni ikatsegulidwa. kumveka kwa maikolofoni pamalo ovuta kwambiri akulira), phokoso limakhala ndi malingaliro obwerezabwereza, omwe amawononga khalidwe la mawu;Pazovuta kwambiri, wokamba nkhani kapena amplifier mphamvu adzawotchedwa chifukwa cha chizindikiro chochulukirapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchitoyo isapitirire bwino, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwachuma ndi kutayika kwa mbiri.Potengera kuchuluka kwa ngozi zapamawu, chete ndi kulira ndizo ngozi zazikulu kwambiri, motero mainjiniya olankhula ayenera kuchita zotheka kwambiri kuti apewe mkunthowu kuti awonetsetse kuti mawu olimbikitsa amawu apamalo akuyenda bwino.

Njira zopewera kulira mogwira mtima:

Sungani maikolofoni kutali ndi okamba;

Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa maikolofoni;

Gwiritsani ntchito zolozera za okamba ndi maikolofoni kuti mupewe malo omwe akulozera;

Gwiritsani ntchito frequency shifter;

Gwiritsani ntchito equalizer ndi kupondereza mayankho;

Gwiritsani ntchito zokamba ndi maikolofoni moyenera.

Ndi udindo wa ogwira ntchito zomveka kumenyana mosalekeza ndi kukuwa kwa olankhula.Ndi chitukuko chosalekeza chaukadaulo wamawu, padzakhala njira zambiri zochotsera ndi kupondereza kulira.Komabe, kunena mongoyerekeza, Sizowona kwambiri kuti dongosolo lolimbikitsira phokoso lithetse vuto la kulira konse, , kotero titha kuchitapo kanthu kuti tipewe kulira kwa dongosolo labwinobwino.