1. Chiyambi cha okamba nkhani

Sipika imatanthauza chipangizo chomwe chingasinthe ma sipika a mawu kukhala mawu. M'mawu wamba, imatanthauza amplifier yamphamvu yomangidwa mkati mwa kabati yayikulu ya sipika kapena kabati ya subwoofer. Pambuyo poti chizindikiro cha mawu chikukulitsidwa ndikukonzedwa, sipikayo yokha imaseweranso mawuwo kuti amveke. Khalani okulirapo.

Cholankhulira ndiye chimaliziro cha dongosolo lonse la mawu. Ntchito yake ndikusintha mphamvu ya mawu kukhala mphamvu yofanana ya mawu ndikuitumiza kumalo. Ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la dongosolo la mawu ndipo limayang'anira kusintha ma signali amagetsi kukhala ma signali a mawu kwa anthu. Ntchito yomvetsera makutu mwachindunji.

Kapangidwe ka wokamba nkhani:

Ma speaker omwe ali pamsika amabwera mumitundu yonse, koma mosasamala kanthu kuti ndi ati, amapangidwa ndi magawo awiri ofunikira:wokamba nkhanigawo (lotchedwa gawo la Yangsheng) ndi kabati. Kuphatikiza apo, okamba ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito osachepera awiri kapena awiri. Magawo okamba omwe ali pamwambapa ndi omwe amachititsa kuti mawu otchedwa multi-channel apangidwenso, kotero crossover ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri. Zachidziwikire, pakhoza kukhalanso thonje loyamwa mawu, machubu opindika, "mapaipi a labyrinth" opindidwa, ndi okamba olimbikitsidwa. Nthiti/mabolodi oteteza mawu olimbikitsidwa ndi zigawo zina, koma zigawozi sizofunikira pa okamba aliyense. Zigawo zofunika kwambiri za okamba ndi zigawo zitatu zokha: gawo la okamba, kabati ndi crossover.

Kugawa okamba:

Magulu a ma speaker ali ndi ma angles ndi miyezo yosiyanasiyana. Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka ma speaker, pali mabokosi osalowa mpweya, mabokosi opindika (omwe amatchedwanso mabokosi otsika owunikira), ma speaker a passive radiator, ndi ma speaker a transmission line. Bokosi la inverter ndilo lalikulu pamsika wamakono; kuchokera pakuwona kukula ndi malo a ma speaker, pali mabokosi oima pansi ndi mabokosi a shelufu ya mabuku. Yoyamba ndi yayikulu kukula ndipo nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pansi. Nthawi zina, mapazi ogwidwa ndi mantha amayikidwanso pansi pa ma speaker. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kabati komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta ma woofers akuluakulu komanso ambiri, bokosi loyambira pansi mpaka padenga nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi ma frequency otsika bwino, kuthamanga kwa mawu otulutsa kwambiri komanso mphamvu yonyamula mphamvu yamphamvu, kotero ndi yoyenera malo akuluakulu omvetsera kapena zofunikira zambiri. Bokosi la shelufu ya mabuku ndi laling'ono kukula ndipo nthawi zambiri limayikidwa pa tripod. Limadziwika ndi malo osinthasintha ndipo silitenga malo. Komabe, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa bokosilo komanso malire a m'mimba mwake ndi kuchuluka kwa ma woofers, ma frequency ake otsika nthawi zambiri amakhala otsika kuposa a bokosi la pansi, ndipo mphamvu yake yonyamulira. Ndipo kuchuluka kwa kupanikizika kwa mawu otuluka nakonso ndi kochepa, komwe ndikoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo ocheperako omvetsera; malinga ndi bandwidth yopapatiza ya kusewera, pali ma speaker a broadband ndi ma speaker a narrowband. Ma speaker ambiri amapangidwira kuti aphimbe. Band ya frequency yotakata momwe mungathere ndi speaker ya wide-band. Mtundu wodziwika kwambiri wa ma speaker a narrow-band ndi subwoofer (subwoofer) yomwe idatulukira ndi home theatre, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kokha kubwezeretsa ma frequency otsika kwambiri kukhala band yopapatiza kwambiri; malinga ndi ngati pali amplifier yamagetsi yomangidwa mkati, imatha kugawidwa m'ma speaker osagwira ntchito ndi ma speaker Ogwira ntchito, woyamba alibe amplifier yomangidwa mkati ndipo womaliza ali nayo. Pakadali pano, ma speaker ambiri apakhomo ndi osagwira ntchito, koma ma subwoofers nthawi zambiri amakhala akugwira ntchito.

2. Chiyambi cha Audio

Mawu amatanthauza mawu ena osati chilankhulo cha anthu ndi nyimbo, kuphatikizapo mawu a chilengedwe, mawu a nyama, mawu a makina ndi zida, ndi mawu osiyanasiyana opangidwa ndi zochita za anthu. Mau mwina akuphatikizapo amplifier yamphamvu, zida zolumikizira (kuphatikiza compressor, effector, equalizer, VCD, DVD, ndi zina), ma speaker (speaker, speaker), mixer, maikolofoni, zida zowonetsera, ndi zina zotero. Pakati pawo, ma speaker ndi zida zotulutsira mawu, ma speaker, ma subwoofers, ndi zina zotero. Wokamba nkhani amaphatikizapo ma speaker atatu, okwera, otsika, ndi apakatikati, atatu koma osati atatu kwenikweni. Mbiri ya chitukuko cha ukadaulo ingagawidwe m'magawo anayi: ma electron tubes, ma transistors, ma integrated circuits, ndi ma field effect transistors.

Zigawo za mawu:

Zipangizo zomvera mwina zikuphatikizapo ma amplifiers amphamvu, zida zolumikizira (kuphatikiza ma compressor, zotsatira, ma equalizer, ma exciter, ndi zina zotero), ma speaker (ma speaker, ma speaker), ma mixer, magwero a mawu (monga maikolofoni, zida zoimbira, VCD, DVD) zida zowonetsera Ndi zina zotero, onjezerani mpaka seti imodzi. Pakati pawo, ma speaker ndi zida zotulutsira mawu, ma speaker, ma subwoofers, ndi zina zotero. Wokamba nkhani ali ndi mitundu itatu ya ma speaker, yapamwamba, yotsika, ndi yapakatikati, koma osati itatu yokha.