Zida zomvera zaukadaulo ndizofunikira pakuchita bwino kwambiri.Pakali pano, pali mitundu yambiri ya zida zomvera pa siteji pamsika zomwe zimakhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimabweretsa zovuta zina pakusankha zida zomvera.M'malo mwake, nthawi zonse, zida zomvera zaukadaulo zimakhala ndi maikolofoni + chosakanizira + amplifier + speaker.Kuphatikiza pa maikolofoni, gwero la audio nthawi zina limafuna ma DVD, makompyuta kuti aziimba nyimbo, etc. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta okha.Koma ngati mukufuna mamvekedwe amawu a siteji ya akatswiri, kuwonjezera pa akatswiri omanga siteji, muyeneranso kuwonjezera zida zomangira monga mapurosesa, sequencer yamagetsi, zofananira, ndi zoletsa ma voltage.Tiyeni tidziwitse zida zazikulu zomvera zaukadaulo:

1. Kusakaniza kontrakitala: chipangizo chophatikizira phokoso chokhala ndi zolowetsa zambiri zamakina, phokoso la njira iliyonse likhoza kusinthidwa mosiyana, ndi njira zamanzere ndi zamanja, kusakaniza, kuyang'anira kutuluka, ndi zina zotero. opanga nyimbo kuti aziimba komanso kupanga mawu.

2. Amplifier yamagetsi: Chida chomwe chimatembenuza ma siginecha amagetsi omvera kukhala ma siginecha ovoteledwa kuti oyendetsa galimoto azitulutsa mawu.Mkhalidwe wofananira wa mphamvu ya amplifier mphamvu ndikuti kutulutsa mphamvu kwa amplifier mphamvu ndikofanana ndi kutsekeka kwa wokamba nkhani, ndipo mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu ya amplifier yamagetsi imagwirizana ndi mphamvu yodziwika ya wokamba.

3. Woyimba nyimbo: M’kachitidwe ka zokuzira mawu m’mabwalo ovina ndi m’malo akuluakulu ounikira pasiteji, mbali yofunika kwambiri ndiyo kubweza mawu a anthu.Kuimba kwa munthu kukasinthidwa ndi kubwerezabwereza, kumatha kutulutsa phokoso lamtundu wamagetsi, lomwe limapangitsa mawu oimba kukhala apadera.Ikhoza kubisa zolakwika zina m’mawu a oimba osachita masewero, monga ngati chipwirikiti, phokoso lapakhosi, ndi phokoso la m’mawu mwa kusinthasintha mawu, kotero kuti mawuwo asakhale osasangalatsa.Kuphatikiza apo, mawu obwerezabwereza amathanso kupangitsa kusowa kwa ma toni owonjezera pamawu a oimba osachita masewera omwe sanaphunzirepo mawu apadera.Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pazotsatira zamasewera owunikira.

4. Frequency divider: Chigawo kapena chipangizo chomwe chimazindikira kugawa pafupipafupi chimatchedwa frequency divider.Pali mitundu yambiri yogawa pafupipafupi.Malinga ndi ma waveform osiyanasiyana amasigino a ma frequency awo, pali mitundu iwiri: sine frequency division ndi pulse frequency division.Ntchito yake yaikulu ndikugawa chizindikiro chamtundu wamtundu wamtundu uliwonse m'magulu osiyanasiyana afupipafupi malinga ndi zofunikira za olankhulira ophatikizana, kotero kuti wokamba nkhaniyo apeze chizindikiro chosangalatsa cha gulu loyenera la ma frequency ndikugwira ntchito bwino.

5. Phokoso la mawu: Popeza anthu ali ndi kamvekedwe kosiyanasiyana ka mawu, amakhala ndi zofunika zosiyanasiyana pa kamvekedwe ka nyimbo poyimba.Anthu ena amafuna kukhala otsika, ndipo ena amafuna kukhala apamwamba.Mwa njira imeneyi, pamafunika kuti kamvekedwe ka nyimbo zotsagana ndi nyimboyo kagwirizane ndi zofuna za woimbayo, apo ayi mawu oimbawo ndi otsatizana nawo angamveke osagwirizana kwambiri.Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito tepi yotsatizana, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kusintha kwa phula kuti musinthe phula.

6. Compressor: Ndilo dzina lophatikizana la kuphatikiza kompresa ndi limiter.Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuteteza amplifier mphamvu ndi okamba (okamba) ndikupanga zomveka zapadera.

7. Purosesa: Perekani zomveka zomveka, kuphatikizapo reverberation, kuchedwa, echo ndi zida zomveka zopangira phokoso lapadera.

8. Equalizer: Ndi chipangizo cholimbikitsira ndikuchepetsa ma frequency osiyanasiyana ndikusintha kuchuluka kwa mabass, midrange, ndi treble.

9. Zoyatsira zokuzira mawu: Zoyala ndi zida zomwe zimasinthira ma siginecha amagetsi kukhala ma siginecha amawu.Malinga ndi mfundoyi, pali mtundu wamagetsi, mtundu wamagetsi, mtundu wa piezoelectric ceramic mtundu wa electrostatic ndi pneumatic type.

Wokamba nkhani, yemwe amadziwikanso kuti bokosi la speaker, ndi chipangizo chomwe chimayika gawo la speaker mu kabati.Si chigawo chomveka, koma ndi gawo lothandizira phokoso lomwe limawonetsa ndikulemeretsa bass.Ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu atatu: oyankhula otsekedwa, oyankhula otembenuzidwa, ndi oyankhula labyrinth.Udindo wa zida zoyankhulira pa siteji ndizofunikira kwambiri.

10. Maikolofoni: Maikolofoni ndi transducer ya electro-acoustic yomwe imasintha mawu kukhala zizindikiro zamagetsi.Ndilo gawo losiyanasiyana kwambiri pamakina omvera.Malinga ndi kuwongolera kwake, imatha kugawidwa kukhala yosagwirizana (zozungulira), directivity (cardioid, super-cardioid) ndi directivity yamphamvu.Pakati pawo, kusakhala kwachindunji kumangotengera kujambula kwamagulu;kuwongolera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula magwero amawu monga mawu ndi kuyimba;Directivity amphamvu makamaka kwa kunyamula phokoso la gwero la azimuth, ndi kumanzere ndi kumanja ndi kuseri kwa phokoso amachotsedwa danga maikolofoni chojambulira, ndi ntchito yapadera mfundo ya kusokonezana chodabwitsa cha mafunde phokoso, tubular wowonda. maikolofoni opangidwa ndi sonic interference chubu, anthu otchedwa mfuti-mtundu maikolofoni, ntchito siteji luso ndi kuyankhulana nkhani;molingana ndi kapangidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito kusiyanitsa maikolofoni yamphamvu, maikolofoni a Riboni, maikolofoni a condenser, maikolofoni okakamiza-PZM, maikolofoni a electret, maikolofoni amtundu wa MS stereo, maikolofoni obwereza, maikolofoni osintha phula, ndi zina zambiri.